![]() The DO module will then burn up over a remote part of the ocean. The DO and VA modules will remain connected during the most of the flight separating only during the final reentry into the Earth's atmosphere at the end of the mission. During the launch and the ascent to orbit, the DO module will be protected by a payload fairing, which will split into several segments and fall away above the dense atmosphere. In July 2016, ZAO Orbita based in the city of Voronezh announced a contract with RKK Energia to develop equipment for power distribution and control aboard the PTK spacecraft, which had to be delivered in 2020.Ī special detachable umbilical mast will connect key systems of the DO module and the Return Vehicle, VA, carrying the crew. Various avionics and power batteries will be located inside the DO module along with the tanks of the propulsion system. On its exterior, the DO module will carry a pair of deployable solar panels, the main communications antenna capable of maintaining link with ground control at lunar distances, the main rendezvous antenna of the Kurs-NA system, star trackers and other sensors of the flight control and navigation system. The exterior design of the Propulsion Module, DO, circa 2013. Propellant supplies in the low-pressure tanks of the PO module would be able to provide a total of around 1,300 meters per second in velocity change to the spacecraft, first of all for the departure from the lunar orbit toward Earth. The similar engine is used on the Fregat upper stage. ![]() The main propulsion system, KDU, is expected to include a dual s5.92 engine with a trust of two tons each developed at KB Khimmash design bureau in Korolev. ![]() Four more pairs of engines will be located on the aft bulkhead of the module. Four clusters will be located in the front of the module, including a pair containing six engines each, and another two groups with five engines. The Soviet Union still achieved many more firsts: the first lunar rover, the first soft landing on Venus, the first soft landing on Mars, the first recovery of samples from the Moon by automatic spacecraft.The expendable propulsion module, known in Russian as Dvigatelny Otsek or DO, of the PTK spacecraft was designed to accommodate the ship's propulsion system, including a dual main engine and eight clusters of attitude control and orientation engines, DPOs, distributed around the module. Undaunted, the Soviet Union rebuilt its space program around orbiting stations, building the first one, Salyut, and then the first permanent home in space, Mir. The Soviet Union engaged in that race far too late, with divided organization, and made a gallant but doomed challenge to Apollo. ![]() In 1964, the Soviet Union decided to contest the decision of the United States to put the first person on the Moon. Except one, the first human landing on the Moon. The Soviet Union achieved all the great firsts in cosmonautics-the first satellite in orbit, the first animal in orbit, the first laboratory in orbit, the first probe to the Moon, the first probe to photograph its far side, the first soft landing on the moon, the first man in space, the first woman in space, the first spacewalk. At that time, few could have imagined the dramatic events that lay head. The rebirth of the Russian space program marks an important event: 50 years since the first Sputnik was launched on 4th October 1957. ![]()
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